Throughout the XX century, Homo Sapiens has turned into Homo Technicus. This transformation has now gone far enough for the B-20 (Business Twenty) to raise the concept of  ‘Society 5.0’ at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, i.e. a technology-driven society, which includes everything from the Internet of Things and blockchain to 5G mobile communications and robotics. It is still unclear to us how this society will be organized and how the roles in it will be allocated, but we do know that technologies have long been changing the rules of the game – albeit not only removing barriers but also erecting them. An old example is the bridges on Long Island. Once they were made too low for buses to pass under them, creating an expensive zone that was ‘closed’ from the public, but allowed car owners free passage.
Pessimists have warned mankind about the threats of segregation and dehumanization that technology carries with it since the Second World War. The strength of ‘Society 5.0’ is evident in its name: this concept and development strategy is not going to separate the economy from people. Developed in, and for, Japan, it relies on human capital, and now, not least because of its successful name, almost every country has tried this model’s set of ideas. It is not only about the proverbial competitiveness, productivity and efficiency, but also about solving social problems and improving the quality of life. And the result of such a widespread penetration of technology will be a new cultural system.
It is safe to say that such a restructuring of the economy and society will transform private life, but it is very difficult to predict what the informal logic of human interaction will look like. Despite the humanistic pathos of such ideas, we must be prepared for unintended consequences. The bridges on Long Island once reduced the horizon of possibility for many people. In the notional tomorrow, the difference in the pace of development can block access to modernity for entire countries. This will not sound too peremptory if we consider not just the quantitative but also the qualitative aspects of the lag. There are no universal solutions, but we can give one piece of advice to ourselves and to anyone else who might need it. A society that wants to get closer to ‘5.0’ needs to make a long-term investment and reconfigure its national education system, otherwise, in 30 years’ time, the cultural rationale of outsiders will finally stop lining up with the rationale of the leaders. And here I specifically say ‘society’, not ‘state’, because in the XXI century the decisions made in the highest offices are less meaningful than the sum of private initiatives.